A deterministic cobot program is a finite set of motions. You can test
every one of them, validate the cell against ISO 10218 and ISO/TS 15066,
and sign the declaration of conformity. An AI-driven cobot is a
different machine: the policy generates trajectory and force
commands at runtime, based on what its sensors see. The set of possible
behaviors is unbounded. You cannot enumerate it, you cannot exhaustively
test it, and no current standard tells you how to certify it.
Today, nothing sits between the model and the controller to verify that
the next action is safe before it executes. The model's vendor doesn't
carry the liability. The integrator who signs the CE declaration
does.
// Certification status
DETERMINISTIC PROGRAMCERTIFIABLE
BEHAVIOR SETFINITE / TESTED
AI-DRIVEN POLICYNOT COVERED
BEHAVIOR SETUNBOUNDED
RUNTIME VERIFICATIONDOES NOT EXIST
WITH INTERLOCKBOUNDED + LOGGED